Generally speaking, cleaning machines with a frequency of 28KHZ are commonly used in industries such as hardware, machinery, automotive, and compressors. Optical optoelectronic cleaning, circuit board cleaning, etc. often use a frequency of 40KHZ. High frequency ultrasonic cleaning machines are suitable for fine cleaning of computers and microelectronic components, while megahertz ultrasonic cleaning is suitable for integrated circuit chips and silicon wafers

及波薄膜的清洗，能去除微米、亞微米級(jí)的污物而對(duì)清洗件沒有任何損傷。而對(duì)于一些精密清洗（如液晶體、半導(dǎo)體等）的應(yīng)用上，使用傳統(tǒng)的頻不但沒法達(dá)到清洗的要求，而且還可能造成工件的損傷。典型的例子就是關(guān)于軍用電子產(chǎn)品，行業(yè)

The cleaning of and wave thin films can remove micron and submicron scale dirt without any damage to the cleaned parts. For some precision cleaning applications (such as liquid crystals, semiconductors, etc.), using traditional frequencies not only fails to meet the cleaning requirements, but may also cause damage to the workpiece. The most typical example is about military electronic products, the industry

已明文規(guī)定不允許使用傳統(tǒng)的頻率（20~30KHz）的超聲波清洗機(jī)。其實(shí)在一些歐美、日本等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，已通過選用高頻清洗機(jī)（80KHz或以上頻率，有的已經(jīng)達(dá)到200K或400K）使這個(gè)問題得到了解決。

It has been expressly stipulated that the traditional Ultrasonic cleaning with a frequency of 20~30KHz is not allowed to be used. In fact, in some developed countries such as Europe, America, and Japan, this problem has been solved by selecting high-frequency cleaning machines (with frequencies of 80KHz or above, some reaching 200K or 400K).

那么為什么高頻清洗能避免對(duì)工件的損傷呢？大家都知道超聲波清洗的基本原理是基于液體的空化效應(yīng)。事實(shí)上空化效應(yīng)的強(qiáng)度直接跟頻率有關(guān)，頻率越高，空化氣泡越小，空化強(qiáng)度越弱，且其減弱的程度非常大。舉例說，如將25KHz時(shí)的空化

So why can high-frequency cleaning avoid damage to the workpiece? Everyone knows that the basic principle of ultrasonic cleaning is based on the cavitation effect of liquids. In fact, the intensity of cavitation effect is directly related to frequency. The higher the frequency, the smaller the cavitation bubble, the weaker the cavitation intensity, and the degree of its weakening is very large. For example, if cavitation occurs at 25KHz

強(qiáng)度比作1，40KHz時(shí)的空化強(qiáng)度則為1/8，到了80KHz時(shí)，空化強(qiáng)度就降到0.02。所以如果頻率選擇正確，超聲波損傷工件的問題就不存在了。

 

The intensity ratio is 1, and the cavitation intensity at 40KHz is 1/8. At 80KHz, the cavitation intensity drops to 0.02. So if the frequency is selected correctly, the problem of ultrasonic damage to the workpiece no longer exists.

由此可見，超聲空化閥值和超聲波的頻率有密切關(guān)系，頻率越高，空化閥越高。換句話說，頻率低，空化越容易產(chǎn)生，而且在低頻情況下液體受到的壓縮和稀疏作用有更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間間隔，使氣泡在崩潰前能生長(zhǎng)到較大的尺寸，增高空化強(qiáng)度，有

It can be seen that there is a close relationship between the ultrasonic cavitation threshold and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave. The higher the frequency, the higher the cavitation valve. In other words, at low frequencies, cavitation is more likely to occur, and at low frequencies, the compression and sparsity effects on the liquid have a longer time interval, allowing the bubble to grow to a larger size before collapse, increasing the intensity of cavitation

利于清洗作用。所以低頻超聲波清洗適用于大部件表面或者污物和清洗件表面結(jié)合度高的場(chǎng)合。但易腐蝕清洗件表面，不適宜清洗表面光潔度高的部件，而且空化噪音大。40 KHZ左右的頻率，在相同聲強(qiáng)下，產(chǎn)生的空化泡數(shù)量比頻率為20KHZ時(shí)多，穿透力較強(qiáng)，宜清洗表面形狀復(fù)雜或有盲孔的工件，空化噪音較小，但空化強(qiáng)度較低，適合清洗污物與被清洗件表面結(jié)合力較弱的場(chǎng)合。

Beneficial for cleaning effect. So low-frequency ultrasonic cleaning is suitable for occasions where the surface of large components or the surface of dirt and cleaning parts have a high degree of adhesion. But the surface of easily corroded cleaning parts is not suitable for cleaning components with high surface finish, and there is also high cavitation noise. At a frequency of around 40 KHZ, under the same sound intensity, more cavitation bubbles are generated than at a frequency of 20 KHZ, with strong penetration. It is recommended to clean workpieces with complex surface shapes or blind holes. The cavitation noise is low, but the cavitation intensity is low, making it suitable for cleaning situations where the adhesion between dirt and the surface of the cleaned part is weak.

超聲波功率的選擇：

Selection of ultrasonic power:

當(dāng)聲強(qiáng)增加時(shí)，空化泡的大半徑與起始半徑的比值增大，空化強(qiáng)度增大，即聲強(qiáng)愈高，空化愈強(qiáng)烈，有利于超聲波清洗作用。但不是超聲波聲功率越大越好，聲強(qiáng)過高，會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量無用的氣泡，增加散射衰減，形成聲屏障，同時(shí)聲強(qiáng)增大也

When the sound intensity increases, the ratio of the maximum radius to the initial radius of the cavitation bubble increases, and the cavitation intensity increases. That is, the higher the sound intensity, the stronger the cavitation, which is conducive to the ultrasonic cleaning effect. But it's not that the higher the ultrasonic power, the better. If the sound intensity is too high, it will generate a large number of useless bubbles, increase scattering attenuation, and form a sound barrier. At the same time, the increase in sound intensity also

會(huì)增加非線性衰減，這樣都會(huì)削弱遠(yuǎn)離聲源地方的清洗效果。所以，超聲波清洗的效果不一定于與所加功率和工作時(shí)間成正比，有時(shí)用小功率花費(fèi)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間也沒有清除污垢，而如果功率達(dá)到一定數(shù)值，則有可能很快將污垢去除。

It will increase nonlinear attenuation, which will weaken the cleaning effect away from the sound source. So, the effect of ultrasonic cleaning is not necessarily proportional to the applied power and working time. Sometimes, using low power takes a long time without removing dirt. However, if the power reaches a certain value, it is possible to quickly remove dirt.

若超聲波功率太大， 這時(shí)液體中空化強(qiáng)度大大增加，較精密的零件將產(chǎn)生蝕點(diǎn)，水點(diǎn)腐蝕也增大，如果振動(dòng)板表面已受到空化腐蝕，強(qiáng)功率下水底產(chǎn)生空化腐蝕更嚴(yán)重，使設(shè)備壽命降低，造成不必要的損失，同時(shí)清洗缸底部振動(dòng)板空化也十分

If the ultrasonic power is too high, the cavitation intensity in the liquid will greatly increase, and more precise parts will produce corrosion points and water point corrosion will also increase. If the surface of the vibration plate has already been subjected to cavitation corrosion, the cavitation corrosion in the water bottom under high power will be more severe, reducing the service life of the equipment and causing unnecessary losses. At the same time, cleaning the cavitation of the vibration plate at the bottom of the cylinder is also very important

嚴(yán)重，使缸的壽命縮短。

Seriously, it shortens the service life of the cylinder.

但超聲波清洗功率選擇小了，花費(fèi)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間也沒有清除污垢，也是不可取的。常規(guī)的超聲波清洗在工業(yè)當(dāng)中，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型超聲波清洗機(jī)從100W至1500W不等，工件有多大，在考慮清洗節(jié)拍的前提下，由超聲波清洗槽體的大小決定超聲波的功率。鑒于 目前混響場(chǎng)聲強(qiáng)測(cè)量的技術(shù)尚不夠成熟，目前還是用單位面積上的功率來進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，一般一臺(tái)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)超聲清洗機(jī)輸出功率密度

However, it is not advisable to choose a lower power for ultrasonic cleaning, which takes a long time and does not remove dirt. Conventional ultrasonic cleaning In industry, the standard Ultrasonic cleaning ranges from 100W to 1500W. The size of the workpiece determines the ultrasonic power by the size of the ultrasonic cleaning tank under the premise of considering the cleaning rhythm. Considering that the current technology for measuring sound intensity in reverberation fields is not yet mature, the design is still based on the power per unit area. Generally, a standard ultrasonic cleaning machine has an output power density

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